Swelling in the legs can happen for several reasons — the two most common being water retention and inflammation. While they may look similar, they have different causes and signs. Here’s how to tell the difference:
 Water Retention (Edema)
What it is:
Excess fluid builds up in the tissues, especially in the lower legs, ankles, and feet.

Common signs:

Legs feel heavy or puffy
Skin may look shiny or stretched
Swelling increases after standing or sitting for long periods
Leaves a dent when pressed (pitting edema)
Usually painless, but can feel tight or uncomfortable
Possible causes:

Standing or sitting too long
Hot weather
High salt intake
Hormonal changes (e.g., menstruation, pregnancy)
Kidney, liver, or heart issues
Side effects of medications (e.g., blood pressure meds, NSAIDs)
 Inflammation
What it is:
The body’s immune response to injury, overuse, or a health condition (like arthritis).

Common signs:

Area is warm, red, and painful
Swelling is usually localized (e.g., one joint or part of the leg)
May have reduced mobility or stiffness
Often comes with an aching, burning, or sharp pain
Possible causes:

Arthritis (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis)
Injury or trauma (sprain, strain, fracture)
Infection
Autoimmune conditions
Gout or bursitis
 How to Tell the Difference:
Feature Water Retention Inflammation
Pain Rare/light discomfort Common, often painful
Redness/Warmth Uncommon Common
Symmetry Often both legs equally May affect only one area
Pressing leaves dent Yes (pitting) No or very mild
 When to See a Doctor:
Sudden, severe swelling
One leg is more swollen than the other
Swelling with chest pain or shortness of breath
Fever, redness, or signs of infection
Swelling that doesn’t improve with rest
 Final Tip:
For water retention, try reducing salt, staying active, and elevating your legs.
For inflammation, rest, ice, anti-inflammatory foods, or natural remedies may help.
If you’re unsure, a doctor can check with simple exams or blood tests to find the root cause.
Let me know if you want a natural remedy for either condition!